Minor tweaks to recent UBSan-related fix

Minor tweaks to recent UBSan-related fix

* src/alloc.c: No need to include stdalign.h; it’s pervasive.
(GC_STRING_OVERRUN_COOKIE_SIZE): Align to sdata’s alignment,
so that the code works even if alignof (sdata) exceeds 8.
Don’t require the cookie size to be 8, as this overly fattens
32-bit platforms and one DEADBEEF should be enough.
(GC_STRING_EXTRA): Omit now-unnecessary ‘verify’.
(allocate_string_data): Omit unnecessary cast.